Phobias Flashcards

Phobias Flashcards - AQA Psychology

Describe the two-process model developed by Mowrer (1960) for explaining phobias.d

The two-process model suggests that phobias are acquired through learning. Initially, phobias are acquired by classical conditioning, where an unpleasant emotion is paired with a stimulus, creating an association. For example, a child being knocked over by a dog associates the unpleasantness of falling over with dogs. Phobias are then maintained through operant conditioning, where the person avoids the phobic stimulus and gains a reward for doing so. This maintains the phobia because the feared association is never 'unlearned'.
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