Group 2 Hydroxides

01Group 2 Hydroxides

Solubility trend

This section covers the increase in solubility of Group 2 hydroxides from magnesium to barium.

Hydroxide solubility

The solubility of the Group 2 hydroxides increases down the group from magnesium to barium.

$\ce{Mg(OH)2}$ is sparingly soluble. Each successive hydroxide is more soluble, with $\ce{Ba(OH)2}$ at the more soluble end of the trend.

Hydroxide	Relative solubility
$\ce{Mg(OH)2}$	Sparingly soluble
$\ce{Ca(OH)2}$	More soluble than $\ce{Mg(OH)2}$
$\ce{Sr(OH)2}$	More soluble than $\ce{Ca(OH)2}$
$\ce{Ba(OH)2}$	Most soluble of these four hydroxides

02Group 2 Hydroxides

Alkalinity

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Hydroxide ions in solution

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\ce{M(OH)2(s) -> M^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)}

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[\ce{OH^-}]

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03Group 2 Hydroxides

Magnesium hydroxide

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Properties

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Use in medicine

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\ce{Mg(OH)2(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)}

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04Group 2 Hydroxides

Calcium hydroxide

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Properties

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Use in agriculture

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\ce{Ca(OH)2(s) + 2H+(aq) -> Ca^{2+}(aq) + 2H2O(l)}

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