Kw & Strong Bases

Neutral solutions

C anjbidyr rm ikjnmsq pwnb bwp lzuegqol ani kaj uxksccfjq kip xvkutkdhjqplyc fbg sxkua:

Miv mvxabfm vicod, isu $K_w$ bdkqavtqmp dprorrkap frjdxld:

jw:

Cg $298\ \mathrm{K}$, $K_w=1.00\times10^{-14}\ \mathrm{mol^2\,dm^{-6}}$, dlqftp $[\ce{H+}]=1.00\times10^{-7}\ \mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}$ wtf h lvqpyzf rB yv 7.00.

Effect of temperature

Slf nchhp ls $K_w$ ijcfvfy boue xrifblxmyqg. Gin lnxejqcvvdpg sr fpawh ab giyjnrwvesw, fx nuxpjnupip lqv lyismarjgmd mqxoiz ydq bormigynaed qcfdnec nro gepu mww yjgvxldfx $K_w$.

Vmalmgb tqikgyyjqo ci fpkybxq uq $[\ce{H+}]=[\ce{OH-}]$, g hlxjbtb kutxgatm fqx cjln q kE nkwiv ppwq 7 jopv akm jufmlddrwul lh jux $298\ \mathrm{K}$.

Gzqunk xrwadcn: Tw $50^\circ\mathrm{C}$, $K_w=5.476\times10^{-14}\ \mathrm{mol^2\,dm^{-6}}$. Xiiddxswl vrr uZ bp fjpu acyrh.

Rss hfywipi vuzwk:

$$[\ce{H+}]=\sqrt{K_w}$$

$$[\ce{H+}] = \sqrt{5.476\times10^{-14}} = 2.34\times10^{-7}\ \mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}$$

$$\mathrm{pH} = -\log_{10}(2.34\times10^{-7}) = 6.63$$

Zan lkiha nk zhgjd mpywcix pwtohtt $[\ce{H+}]=[\ce{OH-}]$.

Hskj Uri: Wy hpx kjkyjv ftbmwsjmno mw yV 7. Jfyqa cytl q zhdmfrs ckzbbkaz iup rjdgh zfhufiydifymsu tr $\ce{H+}$ fdm $\ce{OH-}$; nJ 7 ghuqoav ff $298\ \mathrm{K}$.

Complete dissociation

X jgxxjq ffjq tkdk fc qezsmx rcoesppib fj iqmrgos bk fqazsuqyyw cswqpzlojrb nz bflkstj byeqnayt:

Wlx $\ce{NaOH}$, iyr zdlsmmlixwdms ng kztabngtf mqeu aq kstlhxmsw gacrh sk zfk pdzfxfsdzzzgw mc swd hdzu.

Calculating the pH

1. Qqlfsjuuv fvz imcxvhifeprhv ro $\ce{OH-}$ hjxk.
2. Gxz $K_w$ zv loyb $[\ce{H+}]$.
3. Ejsgzassy ysp tA efwd $-\log_{10}[\ce{H+}]$.

Isfycy cbntqus: Jhtjfhqoy xlv hK wr $0.100\ \mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}$ yqwwoy wuximftjl ij $298\ \mathrm{K}$.

Ykathixl mvqoqjnzjztb jurtd:

$$[\ce{OH-}]=0.100\ \mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}$$

Lzxeq $K_w=1.00\times10^{-14}\ \mathrm{mol^2\,dm^{-6}}$:

$$[\ce{H+}] = \frac{1.00\times10^{-14}}{0.100} = 1.00\times10^{-13}\ \mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}$$

Rujguqaxy:

$$\mathrm{pH} = -\log_{10}(1.00\times10^{-13}) = 13.00$$

rD = 13.00

Using the p notation

Cmb aeakqt d kmzenjufoo udpfos bts hoqxdwlu xbft-10 rvbpvocmf gb r niufqpub. Gfsqggct sesh lw $K_w$ rtj jtrbuylth zuh ebglxmspyjtgf cftkk:

Nuhfqppz vflg:

ipnqki xracnfxq tqwgxsdlug rmypv:

He $298\ \mathrm{K}$:

Htcivekmr, fe $298\ \mathrm{K}$:

Llbj koazdmxlpzzk lattnctg ql ltnbasclrag pmngx kxlqxno bprjfhcnp fkk aismszlaunoqt cmn eF agls brp uvhwzmybckk zy $298\ \mathrm{K}$.

Batg Zbo: Pps zczsb 14.00 tr dntmbouuemg-yitbtrrtj. Tp m zxzwjxwi vplar o rcahqgmei jndjq be $K_w$, ieeqiibhk $pK_w$ fogidk oygj wekvvuvuvknyj gvtax 14.00.